Tension is mounting in the mining sector following allegations by the Federal Ministry of Solid Minerals Development that a state-backed task force has exceeded its legal authority, raising concerns over regulatory conflicts, revenue leakages, and adherence to due process.
The Federal Mines Office, through its representative, Engineer Ayelabola Ulugbome, accused the State Anti-Illegal Mining Task Force, led by Prince Paul Efiong of unlawfully interfering in federally regulated mining operations. Speaking in an interview, Ulugbome warned that such actions not only undermine the constitutional powers of the Federal Government but also encourage practices that could erode accountability in the sector.
“The activities of the task force amount to unlawful interference and obstruction of our statutory duties,” Ulugbome stated. “Mining regulation falls squarely under the exclusive legislative list, and any parallel enforcement structure that operates outside this framework risks creating confusion and revenue leakages.”
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He further alleged that the task force has been complicit in the illegal evacuation of mineral resources, particularly iron ore, thereby depriving both the Federal and State Governments of legitimate revenue streams.
“We have credible evidence suggesting that illegal evacuation of iron ore is ongoing, with significant losses accruing to government coffers. This is unacceptable and must be addressed urgently,” he added.
Citing a February 2026 judgment of the Federal High Court, Ulugbome maintained that the operations of the task force contravene established legal provisions governing mining activities in Nigeria. According to him, the ruling reaffirmed the exclusive authority of the Federal Government over mineral resources and regulatory enforcement.
Under Nigeria’s legal framework, particularly the Minerals and Mining Act, the control and management of mineral resources are vested in the Federal Government. This includes licensing, monitoring, and enforcement responsibilities, typically carried out through agencies under the Ministry of Solid Minerals Development.
Legal experts note that while state governments may collaborate on issues such as environmental protection and community relations, they lack the constitutional backing to independently regulate or enforce mining operations.
The Federal Mines Office also raised concerns over a recent oversight visit by members of the State House of Assembly to mining and quarry sites. Ulugbome described the exercise as procedurally flawed.
“While legislative oversight is a recognized function, it must be conducted within the bounds of due process and in alignment with federal regulations. Unfortunately, what we observed did not meet these standards,” he said.
Despite the ongoing dispute, the Ministry highlighted its achievements in enforcing environmental standards and promoting community development within mining areas.
Engineer Ibe Muduma, Mines Environmental Officer, noted that the Ministry has strengthened compliance with environmental protection laws and ensured the implementation of Community Development Agreements (CDAs) between mining companies and host communities.
“We have made significant progress in ensuring that mining activities do not compromise environmental sustainability. Community Development Agreements are also being enforced to guarantee that host communities benefit directly from mining operations,” Muduma said.
The unfolding situation points to a broader governance challenge within Nigeria’s extractive sector, where overlapping interests between federal and state actors often lead to institutional friction.
Analysts warn that if not urgently addressed, the dispute could deter investment, weaken regulatory efficiency, and exacerbate illegal mining activities across the country.
For now, stakeholders are calling for clearer coordination mechanisms and respect for constitutional roles to safeguard the integrity of the mining sector and ensure that Nigeria maximizes the economic benefits of its solid mineral resources.
